For research and educational purposes only. Not medical advice.

Apelin-13 Reference

Educational, not medical advice reference for Apelin-13: Metabolic; regulatory status, evidence posture, source review, and schedule notes. Also known as [Py…

Reference summary

Maguire 2009 (Hypertension) identified [Pyr1]apelin-13 as the predominant apelin isoform in the human heart. Japp 2010 (Circulation) showed acute IV infusion (30 to 300 nmol/min) increased cardiac index and reduced mean arterial pressure and peripheral vascular resistance in healthy volunteers and chronic heart failure patients. Brash 2018 (JACC Basic Transl Sci) showed acute IV infusion reduced pulmonary vascular resistance and increased cardiac output in pulmonary arterial hypertension.

Categories
Metabolic
Aliases
[Pyr1]apelin-13, pyr-Apelin-13, Pyroglutamated apelin-13, APJ receptor agonist
Evidence posture
human - Foundational small human IV-infusion data exist, but native [Pyr1]apelin-13 has a very short half-life and there is no FDA-approved apelin drug. Modern programs use long-acting analogs. Not a research-vial peptide with a validated subcutaneous dosing convention.
Regulatory status
No FDA-approved apelin drug label. Apelin / [Pyr1]apelin-13 is an endogenous APJ-receptor peptide. There is no active standalone drug program in the United States; therapeutic development uses long-acting analogs because the native peptide has a very short half-life.
Content review status
investigational verified

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